Why Study Environmental Chemistry?
Laboratory Protocols
Natural Constituents of Water
Regulation of Water Quality
Your Mission
Sampling Considerations
Field Work: Prelab Assignment
Laboratory Procedures: Sampling
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Measurement of Dissolved Oxygen
Laboratory Procedures: Dissolved Oxygen
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
Laboratory Procedures: Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
Coliform Bacteria
Laboratory Procedures: Coliform Bacteria
The Role of pH in Water Quality
Techniques for Measuring pH
Laboratory Procedures: Measurement of pH
The Role of Alkalinity in Water Quality
Laboratory Procedures: Measurement of Total Alkalinity
Nitrate and Phosphate: The Nutrient Anions
Sulfate: Geologically Available
Colorimetric Methods of Analysis
Laboratory Procedures: Nitrate, Phosphate, and Sulfate
Chloride and Fluoride: Simple Anions with an Important Message
Electrochemical Methods of Analysis
Laboratory Procedures: Chloride and Fluoride
Separation of Ions
Identification of Ions
Laboratory Procedures: Ion Chromatography
Calcium and Magnesium: Water Hardness
Determination of Water Hardness
Laboratory Procedures: Water Hardness
Sodium and Potassium
Laboratory Procedures: Total Cation Content
How Does AAS Work?
Laboratory Procedures: Cations by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Precision and Accuracy
A Statistics Exercise
Laboratory Procedures: Data Analysis Worksheet
Final Report for the Water Module
Microsoft Excel Worksheet
Exercises in EXCEL
Formatting the Data Sheet
Entering the Data
Plotting the Data
Curve Fitting
Making the Plot Look Like You Want It To
Calculations
Statistics: The EASY Way
Shutdown